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Blood, 3 September 2009, Vol. 114, No. 10, pp. 2068-2076.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 14, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-03-213280.


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CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS

F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the context of other imaging techniques and prognostic factors in multiple myeloma

Twyla B. Bartel1, Jeff Haessler2, Tracy L. Y. Brown1, John D. Shaughnessy, Jr3, Frits van Rhee3, Elias Anaissie3, Terri Alpe1, Edgardo Angtuaco1, Ronald Walker4, Joshua Epstein3, John Crowley2, and Bart Barlogie3

1 Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock; 2 Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, WA; 3 Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock; and 4 Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University and Tennessee Valley Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Nashville

F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a powerful tool to investigate the role of tumor metabolic activity and its suppression by therapy for cancer survival. As part of Total Therapy 3 for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, metastatic bone survey, magnetic resonance imaging, and FDG-PET scanning were evaluated in 239 untreated patients. All 3 imaging techniques showed correlations with prognostically relevant baseline parameters: the number of focal lesions (FLs), especially when FDG-avid by PET-computed tomography, was positively linked to high levels of β-2-microglobulin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase; among gene expression profiling parameters, high-risk and proliferation-related parameters were positively and low-bone-disease molecular subtype inversely correlated with FL. The presence of more than 3 FDG-avid FLs, related to fundamental features of myeloma biology and genomics, was the leading independent parameter associated with inferior overall and event-free survival. Complete FDG suppression in FL before first transplantation conferred significantly better outcomes and was only opposed by gene expression profiling-defined high-risk status, which together accounted for approximately 50% of survival variability (R2 test). Our results provide a rationale for testing the hypothesis that myeloma survival can be improved by altering treatment in patients in whom FDG suppression cannot be achieved after induction therapy.


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Related Article in Blood Online:

A new pet for myeloma
Meletios-Athanassios Dimopoulos, Lia A. Moulopoulos, and Evangelos Terpos
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