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Blood, 3 September 2009, Vol. 114, No. 10, pp. 2107-2120.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 1, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-03-211680.


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HEMATOPOIESIS AND STEM CELLS

Gata1 expression driven by the alternative HS2 enhancer in the spleen rescues the hematopoietic failure induced by the hypomorphic Gata1low mutation

Anna Rita Migliaccio1,2, Fabrizio Martelli1, Maria Verrucci1, Massimo Sanchez3, Mauro Valeri4, Giovanni Migliaccio3, Alessandro Maria Vannucchi5, Maria Zingariello6, Angela Di Baldassarre6, Barbara Ghinassi2,6, Rosa Alba Rana6, Yvette van Hensbergen7, and Willem E. Fibbe8

1 Department of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Instituto Superiore Sanità, Rome, Italy; 2 Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the Myeloproliferative Disease Consortium, New York, NY; Departments of 3 Cell Biology and Neurosciences, and 4 Quality and Security of Animal Experimentation, Instituto Superiore Sanità, Rome, Italy; Departments of 5 Hematology and 6 Biomorphology and Medical Genetics, University G D'Annunzio, Chieti, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Florence, Italy; and 7 Sanquin Blod Foundation and 8 Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

Rigorously defined reconstitution assays developed in recent years have allowed recognition of the delicate relationship that exists between hematopoietic stem cells and their niches. This balance ensures that hematopoiesis occurs in the marrow under steady-state conditions. However, during development, recovery from hematopoietic stress and in myeloproliferative disorders, hematopoiesis occurs in extramedullary sites whose microenvironments are still poorly defined. The hypomorphic Gata1low mutation deletes the regulatory sequences of the gene necessary for its expression in hematopoietic cells generated in the marrow. By analyzing the mechanism that rescues hematopoiesis in mice carrying this mutation, we provide evidence that extramedullary microenvironments sustain maturation of stem cells that would be otherwise incapable of maturing in the marrow.


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