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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 28, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2001-11-0039.
Submitted November 27, 2001
Unite de Therapie Tissulaire, Cellulaire et Genique, Etablissement Francais du Sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France; Laboratoire de Therapeutique Immuno-Moleculaire, INSERM E 0119/UPRES EA 2284, Etablissement Francais du Sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France * Corresponding author; email: valerie.lapierre{at}efs.sante.fr.
We have recently shown that the use of allogeneic G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (PBHSCT) compared with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is associated with increased titers of antibodies (Ab) directed against red blood cell ABO antigens (Ag). To further evaluate the influence of a G-CSF mobilized PBHSC graft on allo-immune Ab responses, we examined the frequency of anti-HLA Ab after transplantation in the setting of the same randomized study comparing PBHSCT vs BMT in adults. Anti-HLA Ab presence was determined by complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity (CDC) and flow-cytometry in the recipient before and 30 days after transplantation as well as in the donor. The use of PBHSCT was significantly associated with an increased detection of anti-HLA IgG Ab early after transplantation as evidenced by flow-cytometry (11/24 vs 4/27, p=0.03) and, less so, by CDC (5/24 vs 1/27, p=0.09). Such a difference between PBHSCT and BMT was further heightened when analysis was restricted to anti-HLA IgG Ab-negative donor/recipient pairs. In such a setting, early anti-HLA Ab was never detected after BMT while repeatedly detected after PBHSCT (flow-cytometry: 6/18 vs 0/17, p=0.02; CDC: 4/23 vs 0/26, p=0.04). Importantly, the PBHSCT-associated increase in anti-HLA Ab detection was observed despite a reduction in the median number of platelet transfusion episodes/patient in PBHSCT vs BMT recipients (3[1-21] vs 6 [3-33], p=0.02). In conclusion, our study strongly suggests that G-CSF-mobilized PBHSCT results in an increased incidence of circulating anti-HLA-Ab and further confirms that the use of such a graft alters allo-immune Ab responses.
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