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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 12, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0177.

Submitted January 22, 2002
Accepted September 2, 2002
Necessity of tyrosine 719 and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-mediated signal pathway in constitutive activation and oncogenic potential of c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase with the D814V mutation
Koji Hashimoto, Itaru Matsumura, Tohru Tsujimura, Dae-Ki Kim, Hideki Ogihara, Hirokazu Ikeda, Shuji Ueda, Masao Mizuki, Hiroyuki Sugahara, Hirohiko Shibayama, Yukihiko Kitamura, and Yuzuru Kanakura*
Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
* Corresponding author; email: kanakura{at}bldon.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Substitution of valine(V) for asparatate(D) at codon 814 constitutively activates murine c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase(KIT), and D816V mutation, corresponding to murine D814V mutation, is found in patients with mastocytosis and acute myelocytic leukemia. However, the signal transduction pathways responsible for the oncogenesis by the D814V mutant(KITV814) are not fully understood. In order to examine the oncogenic signal transduction of KITV814, we converted twenty of tyrosine(Y) residues to phenylalanines(F) in the cytoplasmic domain of KITV814 or deleted the C-terminal region containing two other tyrosine residues. Among various KIT V814-derived mutants, KIT V814-Y719F and KIT V814-Del severely impaired receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and association with p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (p85PI3-K). Moreover, KITV814-Y719F and KITV814-Del failed to induce ligand-independent growth in Ba/F3 cells, indicating that Y719, the binding site for p85PI3-K, and C-terminal region are indispensable for the factor-independent growth by KITV814. Although the C-terminal region was also required for ligand-dependent growth by wild-type KIT(KITWT), the Y719F substitution had negligible effects on ligand-dependent growth by KITWT. Furthermore, dominant negative PI3-K significantly inhibited ligand-independent growth by KITV814. These results demonstrate that Y719 is crucial for constitutive activation of KITV814, but not for the ligand-induced activation of KITWT, and that the downstream of PI3-K plays an important role in ligand-independent growth and tumorigenicity by KITV814, thereby suggesting that KITV814 is a unique activating mutation that leads to a distinguishable function from the effects of KIT WT.

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