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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 5, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0352.

Submitted February 5, 2002
Accepted June 13, 2002
Induction therapy with idarubicin alone significantly influences the event-free survival (EFS) duration of newly-diagnosed hypergranular acute promyelocytic leukemia patients: final results of the GIMEMA randomized study 'LAP 0389' with 7 years of minimal follow-up
Giuseppe Avvisati*, Maria Concetta Petti, Francesco Lo Coco, Maria Luce Vegna, Sergio Amadori, Michele Baccarani, Nicola Cantore, Eros Di Bona, Felicetto Ferrara, Giuseppe Fioritoni, Eugenio Gallo, Rosangela Invernizzi, Mario Lazzarino, Vincenzo Liso, Guglielmo Mariani, Francesco Ricciuti, Carmine Selleri, Simona Sica, Dino Veneri, and Franco Mandelli
Ematologia, Universita Campus-Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
SC Ematologia, Istituto Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Universita la Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto 1, Rome, Italy
Ematologia, Universita Tor Vergata, Ospedale S. Eugenio, Rome, Italy
Istituto di Ematologia ed Oncologia Medica L.e A. Seragnoli, Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale Civile, Avellino, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale S. Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale A.Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale Civile, Pescara, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista, Turin, Italy
Istituto di Clinica Medica, Universita di Pavia, Policlinico Universitario, IRCCS S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Cattedra di Ematologia, Universita di Pavia, Policlinico Universitario, IRCCS S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Ematologia, Universita degli Studi, Policlinico Universitario, Bari, Italy
Cattedra di Ematologia, Universita degli Studi, Palermo, Italy
Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale S. Carlo, Potenza, Italy
Ematologia, Universita Federico II, Policlinico Universitario, Naples, Italy
Ematologia, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
Ematologia, Universita degli Studi, Ospedale Policlinico Borgo Roma, Verona, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: g.avvisati{at}unicampus.it.
Shortly before the ATRA era, the GIMEMA cooperative group initiated a randomized study comparing, IDA alone vs IDA + ARA-C as induction treatment in newly diagnosed hypergranular APL patients. Of the 257 patients evaluable for the induction treatment, 131 were randomized to receive IDA alone (Arm A) and 126 to receive IDA + ARA-C (Arm B). Treatment in Arm A consisted of IDA 10mg/m2 daily for 6 consecutive days while in arm B it consisted of IDA 12 mg/m2 daily for 4 days combined with ARA-C 200 mg/m2 daily in continuous infusion for 7 days. Once in CR, patients received three consolidation courses of standard chemotherapy and those still in CR at the end of the consolidation were randomized to receive or not 6-mercaptopurine (1mg/Kg daily) and weekly intramuscular injections of methotrexate (0.25 mg /Kg) for a period of two years. Overall, 100 patients (76.3%) in Arm A, and 84 (66.6%) in Arm B, achieved CR (P = NS). EFS was 35% and 23% for patients in arm A and B respectively (P = 0.0429). The multivariate analysis revealed that EFS was favorably influenced by induction treatment with IDA alone (P=0.0101) and unfavorably influenced by WBC>3,000/µL (P=0.0001) and increasing age (P= 0.0251). These results, indicate that the anthracycline monochemotherapy with Idarubicin favourably influence the EFS of newly diagnosed hypergranular APL.

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