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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 21, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0502.

Submitted February 14, 2002
Accepted June 11, 2002
Emergence of muscle and neural hematopoiesis in the human
Karen E Jay, Lisa Gallacher, and Mickie Bhatia*
Developmental Stem Cell Biology, The John P. Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
Developmental Stem Cell Biology, The John P. Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Fetal Medicine Division, St. Joseph's Hospital and London Health Sciences Center, London, ON, Canada
* Corresponding author; email: mbhatia{at}rri.ca.
During human development, hematopoiesis is thought to be compartmentalized to the fetal circulation, liver, and bone marrow. Here, we show that combinations of cytokines together with bone morphogenetic protein-4 and erythropoietin could induce multiple blood lineages from human skeletal muscle or neural tissue. Under defined serum free conditions, the growth factors requirements, proliferation and differentiation capacity of muscle and neural hematopoiesis was distinct to that derived from committed hematopoietic sites, and was uniquely restricted to CD45-CD34- cells expressing the prominin AC133. Our study defines epigenetic factors required for the emergence of hematopoiesis from unexpected tissue origins, and illustrates that embyronically specified microenvironments do not limit cell fate in the human.

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