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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 5, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-03-0850.

Submitted March 20, 2002
Accepted June 14, 2002
Genomic and proteomic analysis of the myeloid differentiation program. II. Global analysis of gene expression during induced differentiation in the MPRO cell line
Zheng Lian, Yuval Kluger, Dov S Greenbaum, David Tuck, Mark Gerstein, Nancy Berliner, Sherman M Weissman, and Peter E Newburger*
Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
* Corresponding author; email: peter.Newburger{at}umassmed.edu.
We have used an approach using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with mass spectrometry analysis combined with oligonucleotide chip hybridization for a comprehensive and quantitative study of the temporal patterns of protein and mRNA expression during myeloid development in the MPRO murine cell line. This global analysis detected 123 known proteins and 29 "new" proteins out of 220 protein spots identified by tandem mass spectroscopy, including proteins in 12 functional categories such as transcription factors, cytokines. Bioinformatic analysis of these proteins revealed clusters with functional importance to myeloid differentiation. Previous analyses have found that for a substantial number of genes the absolute amount of protein in the cell is not strongly correlated to the amount of mRNA. These conclusions were based on simultaneous measurement of mRNA and protein at just a single time point. Here, however, we are able to investigate the relationship between mRNA and protein in terms of simultaneous changes in their levels over multiple time points. This is the first time such a relationship has been studied, and we find that it gives a much stronger correlation, consistent with the hypothesis that a substantial proportion of protein change is a consequence of changed mRNA levels, rather than post-transcriptional effects. Cycloheximide inhibition also showed that most of the proteins detected by gel electrophoresis were relatively stable. Specific investigation of transcription factor mRNA representation showed considerable similarity to those of mature human neutrophils and highlighted several transcription factors and other functional nuclear proteins whose mRNA levels change prominently during MPRO differentiation but which have not been investigated previously in the context of myeloid development. Data are available online at http://bioinfo.mbb.yale.edu/expression/blood.

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