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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 19, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1273.

Submitted April 30, 2002
Accepted August 27, 2002
Induction of myeloma specific cytotoxic T cells using dendritic cells transfected with tumor-derived RNA
Caterina Milazzo, Volker L Reichardt*, Martin R Mueller, Frank Grunebach, and Peter Brossart
Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Tuebingen University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany
* Corresponding author; email: volker.reichardt{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de.
Current immunotherapeutical trials for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) focus on the idiotype (Id) as a tumor specific antigen for active immunization. To bypass the need for the identification of shared MM associated antigens and the characterization of possible immunogenic T-cell epitopes in a HLA type restricted manner, we focused on myeloma RNA transfection of dendritic cells (DC). Total RNA encodes the whole antigen content of tumor cells, therefore allowing the transfected DC to process and present the most relevant peptides and to induce a possible polyclonal CTL response against different immunogenic antigens. We transfected monocyte derived DC with total RNA from the myeloma cell lines LP-1 and U266 by electroporation and investigated the potential of these DC to induce myeloma specific CTL. We show that RNA transfected DC induce CTL that lyse the LP-1 and U266 myeloma cells in a antigen specific and MHC class I restricted manner, as demonstrated by cold target inhibition and antibody blocking studies. Interestingly, LP-1 specific CTL showed no specificity for the idiotype. Consistent with studies demonstrating MUC1 as a myeloma associated antigen we found MUC1 specificity of the CTL induced with U266 derived RNA. As corresponding epitopes we tested the described peptides M1.1 and M1.2 and found a striking fine specificity for M1.2, assuming a possible immunodominance of this peptide. This is the first report on the induction of myeloma specific CTL by RNA transfection of DC.

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