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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 8, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-05-1359.

Submitted May 9, 2002
Accepted July 4, 2002
Highly efficient gene transfer into baboon marrow repopulating cells using GALV-pseudotype oncoretroviral vectors produced by human packaging cells
Peter A Horn, Max S Topp, Julia C Morris, Stanley R Riddell, and Hans-Peter Kiem*
Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
* Corresponding author; email: hkiem{at}fhcrc.org.
Vector-containing medium harvested from murine packaging cell lines has been shown to contain factors which can negatively influence the transduction and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells. Thus, we generated a human packaging cell line with a gibbon ape leukemia virus pseudotype (Phoenix-GALV), and we evaluated vectors produced by Phoenix-GALV for their ability to transduce hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells. In three baboons, we used a competitive repopulation assay to directly compare GALV-pseudotype retrovirus vectors produced by either Phoenix-GALV or by the NIH 3T3-derived packaging cell line, PG13. In three additional baboons we compared Phoenix-GALV-derived vectors to more recently developed lentiviral vectors. Gene transfer efficiency into hematopoietic repopulating cells was assessed by evaluating the number of genetically modified peripheral blood and marrow cells using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Transduction efficiency into hematopoietic repopulating cells was significantly higher using the Phoenix-GALV-derived vector as compared to the PG13-derived vectors or lentiviral vectors, with stable transduction levels up to 25%. Two animals were followed for more than 1 year. Flow cytometric analysis of hematopoietic subpopulations in these animals revealed transgene expression in CD13+ granulocytes, CD20+ B lymphocytes, CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD61+ platelets, as well as red blood cells, indicating multilineage engraftment of cells transduced by Phoenix-GALV-pseudotype vectors. In addition, transduction efficiency into human CD34+ cells was significantly higher than transduction of baboon CD34+ cells, suggesting that Phoenix-GALV-derived oncoretroviral vectors may be even more efficient in human stem cell gene therapy applications.

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