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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 19, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1699.

Submitted June 10, 2002
Accepted August 14, 2002
Expression of CD41 marks the initiation of definitive hematopoiesis in the mouse embryo
Hanna K Mikkola, Yuko . Fujiwara, Thorsten M Schlaeger, David Traver, and Stuart H Orkin*
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, HHMI, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, HHMI, Boston, MA, USA
* Corresponding author; email: orkin{at}rascal.med.harvard.edu.
Murine hematopoietic cells originate from mesoderm in a process that requires the transcription factor SCL/Tal1. To define steps in the commitment to blood cell fate we compared wild type and SCL-/- embryonic stem cell differentiation in vitro and identified CD41 (GpIIb) as the earliest surface marker lacking from SCL-/- embryoid bodies (EBs). Culture of FACS sorted cells from EBs showed that definitive hematopoietic progenitors were highly enriched in the CD41+ fraction, whereas endothelial cells developed from CD41- cells. In the mouse embryo, expression of CD41 was detected in yolk sac blood islands and in fetal liver. In yolk sac and EBs, the pan-hematopoietic marker CD45 appeared in a subpopulation of CD41+ cells. However, multilineage hematopoietic colonies developed not only from CD45+CD41+ cells but also from CD45-CD41+ cells, suggesting that CD41 rather than CD45 marks definitive CFU-C at the embryo stage. In contrast, fetal liver CFU-C were CD45+ and only a subfraction expressed CD41, demonstrating downregulation of CD41 by the fetal liver stage. In yolk sac and EBs, CD41 was coexpressed with embryonic HSC markers c-kit and CD34. Sorting for CD41 and c-kit expression enriched for definitive hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, the CD41+c-kit+ population was missing from runx1/AML1-/- EBs that lack definitive hematopoiesis. These results suggest that expression of CD41, a candidate target gene of SCL/Tal1, and c-kit define the divergence of definitive hematopoiesis from endothelial cells during development. Although CD41 is commonly referred to as megakaryocyte/platelet integrin in adult hematopoiesis, these results implicate a wider role for CD41 during murine ontogeny.

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