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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 17, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1813.

Submitted June 19, 2002
Accepted July 9, 2003
Association between acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants
Todd D Freudenberger, David K Madtes, J Randall Curtis, Peter Cummings, Barry E Storer, and Robert C Hackman*
Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
* Corresponding author; email: rhackman{at}seattlecca.org.
Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) has been reported following hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, but the clinical features and risk factors for this disorder have not been well characterized. This case-control study of 49 patients with histological BOOP and 161 control subjects matched by age and year of transplant describes the clinical features and analyzes the risk factors for BOOP following HSC transplantation.
Data on clinical features and outcome were collected by chart review. Odds ratios, estimating the relative risk of BOOP in allogeneic HSC recipients, were calculated by conditional logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Clinical features of BOOP in this population are similar to idiopathic BOOP and BOOP occurring in other disease settings. There was an association between acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and the subsequent development of BOOP (odds ratios 3.8 [95% CI, 1.2 to 12.3] and 3.1 [95% CI, 1.1 to 9.2], respectively). Patients with BOOP were more likely to have acute GVHD involving the skin (odds ratio 4.6, P=0.005) and chronic GVHD involving the gut (odds ratio 6.6, P=0.018) and oral cavity (odds ratio 5.9, P=0.026). This study shows that histological BOOP following HSC transplantation has clinical features that resemble idiopathic BOOP and is strongly associated with prior acute and chronic GVHD. These results have important implications for the care of patients who develop respiratory symptoms after HSC transplantation and may help elucidate the pathogenesis of idiopathic BOOP.

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