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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 23, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-08-2671. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2002-08-2671v1 101/10/4209    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Storek, J. Articles by Kiem, H.-P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Storek, J. Articles by Kiem, H.-P. Social Bookmarking                   What's this? Submitted September 3, 2002 Accepted January 6, 2003 Interleukin-7 improves CD4 T cell reconstitution after autologous CD34 cell transplantation in monkeys Jan Storek*, Thurman Gillespy, Hailing Lu, Ansamma Joseph, Monja A Dawson, Michael Gough, Julia Morris, Robert C Hackman, Peter A Horn, George E Sale, Robert G Andrews, David G Maloney, and Hans-Peter Kiem Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA * Corresponding author; email: jstorek{at}fhcrc.org. In mice, interleukin-7 (IL7) hastens T cell reconstitution, and might cause autoimmune diseases, lymphoma and osteoporosis. We assessed the effect of IL7 on T cell reconstitution and toxicity in baboons, that underwent total body irradiation followed by autologous transplantation of marrow CD34 cells. Three baboons received placebo and three baboons received recombinant human IL7 (rhIL7, 75 µg/kg twice a day subcutaneously) between 6 and 10 weeks after transplant. Mean increase in blood absolute CD4 T cell counts was 0.9-fold in the placebo-treated animals versus 9.0-fold in the IL7-treated animals (p=.02). The increase observed in the IL7-treated animals appeared attributable to peripheral expansion rather than de novo generation. The IL7-treated animals had greater mean increases in the volumes of the spleen (2.0-fold with placebo versus 4.5-fold with IL7, p=.02) and lymph nodes (1.8-fold with placebo versus 4.1-fold with IL7, p=.10) but not the thymus (3.4-fold with placebo versus 1.1-fold with IL7, p=.18). Side effects of IL7 included thrombocytopenia, and possibly neutropenia and hemolytic anemia. One IL7-treated animal failed to thrive due to a disease resembling graft-versus-host disease. No animals developed lymphoma. Bone density was not decreased. In conclusion, IL7 raises CD4 T cell counts in irradiated primates. It remains to be determined whether this is associated with clinical benefit. 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