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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 20, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3034. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2002-10-3034v1 102/1/180    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mackewicz, C. E Articles by Levy, J. A Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mackewicz, C. E Articles by Levy, J. A Social Bookmarking                   What's this? Submitted October 17, 2002 Accepted January 10, 2003 Lack of the CD8+ cell anti-HIV factor in CD8+ cell granules Carl E Mackewicz, Baikun Wang, Sunil Metkar, Matthew Richey, Christopher Froelich, and Jay A Levy* Rheumatology Research Laboratory, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA * Corresponding author; email: jalevy{at}itsa.ucsf.edu. In HIV infection, CD8+ cells show cytotoxic and noncytotoxic anti-HIV activities. The latter function is mediated, at least in part, by a secreted antiviral protein, the CD8+ cell antiviral factor (CAF). Because antiviral effector molecules, such as perforin and granzymes, reside in the exocytic granules of CD8+ T cells, we examined the possibility that granules contain CAF-like activity. CD8+ cells from HIV-infected individuals showing strong CAF-mediated antiviral activity were induced to release their granule constituents into culture media. Within one hour post-stimulation, high levels of granzyme B (a primary granule constituent) were found in the culture fluids of previously activated CD8+ cells. The same culture fluids contained none, or very low, amounts of CAF activity, as measured with HIV-infected CD4+ cells. Maximal levels of CAF activity were not observed until five or seven days post-stimulation, consistent with typical CAF production kinetics. In addition, extracts of granules purified from antiviral CD8+ cells did not show any CAF activity, whereas the cytoplasmic fraction of these cells showed substantial levels of antiviral activity. These findings suggest that CAF does not reside at appreciable levels in the exocytic granules of antiviral CD8+ T cells. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: A. E. Hogg, G. C. Bowick, N. K. Herzog, M. W. Cloyd, and J. J. Endsley Induction of granulysin in CD8+ T cells by IL-21 and IL-15 is suppressed by human immunodeficiency virus-1 J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2009; 86(5): 1191 - 1203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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