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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 16, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3056.
Submitted October 11, 2002
Accepted January 7, 2003
Expression of CD4 on human peripheral blood neutrophils
Priscilla Biswas*, Barbara Mantelli, Antonio Sica, Mauro Malnati, Carla Panzeri, Alessandra Saccani, Hamid Hasson, Andrea Vecchi, Abby Saniabadi, Paolo Lusso, Adriano Lazzarin, and Alberto Beretta
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacologic Research, Milan, Italy
JIMRO, Takasaki, Japan
* Corresponding author; email: priscilla.biswas{at}hsr.it.
CD4, the primary receptor for entry of HIV, is known to be expressed on T cells and monocytes/macrophages, normal NK lymphocytes, in vitro HHV6-infected CD8+, NK, and   T lymphocytes, CD34+ progenitor cells and a subset of eosinophils and basophils. We here report the unconventional expression of CD4 at the surface of peripheral blood neutrophils derived from 4/51 (7.8%) HIV-1 infected and 3/25 (12%) uninfected donors, with similar frequency within the two groups. The percentage of CD4+ neutrophils ranged from 39 to 97% of the total neutrophil population. Both surface and cytoplasmic forms of CD4 were present in neutrophils. Quantitative RNA PCR revealed that neutrophils contain levels of CD4 mRNA comparable to those of peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from the same donor. The conformation of CD4 expressed at the surface of neutrophils was similar to that of CD4 expressed on T lymphocytes as determined by the binding of monoclonal antibodies specific for conformational epitopes and the binding of recombinant HIV-1 gp120. Thus, our data provide evidence that neutrophils express endogenous CD4 and bind HIV. Owing to their abundance in peripheral blood, CD4+ neutrophils may influence significantly the bio-distribution of HIV delivering it to sites of inflammation or to additional tissue reservoirs.
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