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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 27, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3167.
Submitted October 18, 2002
Accepted November 15, 2002
High incidence of t(11;18)(q21;q21) in Helicobacter pylori negative gastric MALT lymphoma
Hongtao Ye, Hongxiang Liu, Markus Raderer, Andreas Chott, Agnes Ruskone-Fourmestraux, Andrew Wotherspoon, Martin J Dyer, Shih-Sung Chuang, Ahmet Dogan, Peter G Isaacson, and Ming-Qing Du*
Histopathology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Internal Medicine/Clinical Pathology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Service de Gastro-enterologie, Hotel-Dieu, Paris, France
Histopathology, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Haematology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
Pathology, Chi-Mei Medica Center, Taiwan, China
* Corresponding author; email: m.du{at}ucl.ac.uk.
In approximately 5-10% of gastric MALT lymphomas, evidence of H. pylori infection is absent and their pathogenesis is poorly understood. We reviewed the clinical data and histology, and examined t(11;18)(q21;q21) and BCL10 expression pattern in 17 such cases. In each case, the absence of H. pyloriwas confirmed by negative serology and histology/immunohistochemistry. Five cases with stage IE disease were first treated with antibiotics and none of them showed any endoscopic or histological response. Review of the histology failed to identify any apparent difference between gastric MALT lymphomas with and without H. pyloriinfection. RT-PCR showed t(11;18)(q21;q21) in 9 of 17 (53%) cases, more frequent in lymphomas at stage IIE or above (5/6) than those at stage IE (3/10). Two t(11;18)(q21;q21)-positive lymphomas were treated by partial gastrectomy and more than 16 years later showed lymphoma relapse in the gastric stump with dissemination to other mucosal sites, poorly responsive to therapy. BCL10 nuclear expression was observed in 7 of 8 t(11;18)(q21;q21)-positive cases and 4 of 7 t(11;18)(q21;q21)-negative cases including one case suspicious for a BCL10-involved chromosomal translocation. Our results show that t(11;18)(q21;q21) occurs at a high frequency in H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphomas. Translocation-positive gastric MALT lymphomas tend to be aggressive and patients with such lymphomas might benefit from prompt treatment and close follow-up.
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