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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 26, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-01-0045.

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Submitted January 7, 2003
Accepted June 10, 2003

Incidence and clinico-biologic characteristics of leukemic B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders with more than one B-cell clone

Maria-Luz Sanchez, Julia Almeida, David Gonzalez, Marcos Gonzalez, Maria-Antonia Garcia-Marcos, Ana Balanzategui, Maria-Consuelo Lopez-Berges, Josep Nomdedeu, Teresa Vallespi, Marcos Barbon, Alejandro Martin, Pilar de la Fuente, Guillermo Martin-Nunez, Javier Fernandez-Calvo, Jesus-Maria Hernandez, Jesus F San-Miguel, and Alberto Orfao*

Servicio de Citometria y Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Valle del Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen Blanca, Leon, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen de la Concha, Zamora, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital General Yague, Burgos, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen del Puerto, Plasencia, Caceres, Spain
Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Clinico de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

* Corresponding author; email: orfao{at}usal.es.

Leukemic B-chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPD) are generally believed to derive from a monoclonal B-cell; biclonality has only occasionally been reported. In this study, we have explored the incidence of B-CLPD cases with >=2 B-cell clones, and established both the phenotypic differences between the coexisting clones and the clinico-biologic features of these patients. In total, 53 B-CLPD cases with >=2 B-cell clones were studied. Presence of >=2 B-cell clones was suspected by immunophenotype and confirmed by molecular/genetic techniques in leukemic samples (n=42) and purified B-cell subpopulations (n=10). Overall, 4.8% of 477 consecutive B-CLPD had >=2 B-cell clones, their incidence being specially higher among hairy cell leukemia (3/13), large cell lymphoma (2/10) and atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (4/29). In most cases the two B-cell subsets displayed either different sIg light-chain (n=37/53) or different levels of the same sIg (n=9/53), usually associated with other phenotypic differences. As compared to monoclonal cases, B-CLL patients with >=2 clones had lower WBC and lymphocyte counts, more frequently displayed splenomegaly and required early treatment. Among these, the cases where a CLL clone coexisted with a non-CLL clone were older, and more often displayed B symptoms, monoclonal component and diffuse infiltration of bone marrow, and required early treatment more frequently than cases with monoclonal CLL or two CLL clones.


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