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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 8, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0449.
Submitted February 11, 2003
Accepted April 27, 2003
Hair follicle serves as a local reservoir of skin mast cell precursors
Tadashi Kumamoto, David Shalhevet, Hiroyuki Matsue, Mark E Mummert, Brant R Ward, James V Jester, and Akira Takashima*
Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
* Corresponding author; email: akira.takashima{at}utsouthwestern.edu.
Several leukocyte populations normally reside in mouse skin, including Langerhans cells and   T cells in the epidermis and macrophage and mast cells in the dermis. Interestingly, these skin resident leukocytes are frequently identified within or around hair follicles (HF), which are known to contain stem cell populations that can generate the epidermal architecture or give rise to the melanocyte lineage. Thus, we reasoned that HF might serve as a local reservoir of the resident leukocyte population(s) in the skin. When vibrissal follicles of adult mice were cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin (IL)-3, IL-7, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and Flt3 ligand, CD45+/lineage-/c-kit+/Fc RI+ cells became detectable on the outgrowing fibroblasts in 10 days and expanded progressively thereafter. These HF-derived leukocytes showed characteristic features of connective tissue-type mast cells, including proliferative responsiveness to SCF, metachromatic granules, mRNA expression for mast cell proteases-1, 4, 5, and 6, and histamine release upon ligation of surface IgE or stimulation with substance P or compound 48/80. These results, together with our findings that HF contain c-kit+ cells and produce SCF mRNA and protein, suggest that HF provide unique microenvironment for local development of mast cells.
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