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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 11, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1449.

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Submitted May 9, 2003
Accepted August 29, 2003

Impact of frontline fludarabine and cyclophosphamide combined treatment on peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Olivier Tournilhac, Bruno Cazin, Stephane Lepretre, Marine Divine, Karim Maloum, Alain Delmer, Bernard Grosbois, Pierre Feugier, Frederic Maloisel, Florence Villard, Bruno Villemagne, Dominique Bastit, Karim Belhadj, Nabi Azar, Mauricette Michallet, Geraud Manhes, and Philippe Travade*

Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hotel Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire, Hopital Claude Huriez, Lille, France
Department of Hematology, Centre Anti-Cancereux Becquerel, Rouen, France
Department of Hematology, Hopital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Creteil, France
Department of Hematology, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, AP-HP, Paris, France
Department of Hematology, Hopital Hotel Dieu, AP-HP, Paris, France
Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy Brabois, Nancy, France
Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire, Hopital Civil, Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Department of Hematology, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
Departement d'Information Medicale, Centre Hospitalier, Vichy, France

* Corresponding author; email: ptravade{at}chu-clermontferrand.fr.

Ongoing studies in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia are evaluating autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation in first remission following fludarabine. However, fludarabine could impair PBSC harvest. In 38 patients after frontline oral fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FDR-CY), we prospectively evaluated steady state filgrastim or lenograstim primed PBSC mobilization to collect >= 2.0 x 106/kg CD34. The first mobilization, done a median of 178 days (range, 69-377)from last FDR-CY course, was unsuccessful in 32 patients. This result was significantly associated with a low platelet count prior to mobilization, but neither with age, interval from last FDR-CY course, initial stage, remission status, nor with other blood parameters. Finally, after 1, 2, and 3 mobilizations in 27, 10, and 1 patients, only 12 had >= 2.0 x 106/kg CD34 collected. Explorations of the mechanism of poor mobilization and adaptation of PBSC harvest policies following fludarabine treatment are therefore warranted.


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