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Blood, 1 June 2004, Vol. 103, No. 11, pp. 4251-4258.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 19, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2365.

Submitted July 22, 2003
Accepted December 29, 2003
Loss of MHC Class II Gene and Protein Expression in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma is Related to Decreased Tumor Immunosurveillance and Poor Patient Survival Irrespective of other Prognostic Factors: A Follow-up Study from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Molecular Profiling Project
Lisa M Rimsza*, Robin A Roberts, Thomas P Miller, Joseph M Unger, Michael LeBlanc, Rita M Braziel, Dennis D Weisenburger, Wing C Chan, Timothy C Greiner, H K Muller-Hermelink, Elaine S Jaffe, Randy D Gascoyne, Elias Campo, Deborah A Fuchs, Catherine M Spier, Richard I Fisher, Jan Delabie, Andreas Rosenwald, Louis M Staudt, and Thomas M Grogan
Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, OR, USA
Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Hospital Clinic Provincial, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
* Corresponding author; email: rimsza{at}ahsc.arizona.edu.
The Leukemia and Lymphoma Molecular Profiling Project recently published results from DNA microarray analyses of 240 diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Four gene expression signatures were identified as correlated with patient outcome including the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II genes (e.g. HLA-DRA) which correlated with better survival. We further analyzed the effects of HLA-DRA on survival and correlated gene expression with protein status and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Five-year overall survival was 24% in the lowest 10%, 37% in the 10%-25%, 50% in the 25-50%, and 55% for patients in the highest 50% of HLA-DRA expression. Further analysis demonstrated the hazard ratio of death was a non-linear function of HLA-DRA expression. Adjustment for the International Prognostic Index did not alter the impact of HLA-DRA on survival. Other MHC Class II genes were found to predict survival similarly. Microarray HLA-DRA expression correlated with the presence or absence of HLA-DR protein in 20/22 cases assessed. Fewer tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells were detected in MHC Class II (-) cases compared to (+) cases (2.9 vs. 10.9%, p=0.001), supporting the hypothesis that loss of tumor immunosurveillance has a devastating effect on patient outcome in DLBCL.

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