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Blood, 1 July 2004, Vol. 104, No. 1, pp. 281-289.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 9, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2443.
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Submitted July 18, 2003
Accepted February 6, 2004
Reconstitution dynamics of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cell precursors after allogeneic myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Francesco F Fagnoni*, Barbara Oliviero, Giovanna Giorgiani, Piero De Stefano, Anna Deho, Carlo Zibera, Nadia Gibelli, Rita Maccario, GianAntonio Da Prada, Marco Zecca, and Franco Locatelli
Oncologia, Fondazione S. Maugeri - IRCCS - Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, Pavia, Italy
Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Policlinico S.Matteo - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: ffagnoni{at}fsm.it.
Dendritic Cells (DC) are fundamental for immunity. We investigated reconstitution of plasmacytoid DC (PDC) and myeloid DC (My-DC) precursors in the first 2 months after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Allo-HSCT). Circulating DC were monitored from the earliest phase of hematopoietic reconstitution in 43 children given standard therapy to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and either treated or untreated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) after HSCT. In patients without GVHD, both My-DC and PDC reached consistently high absolute values during the initial phase. Time of engraftment did not differ between My-DC and PDC, regardless of administration of G-CSF. Treatment with G-CSF: i) accelerated early recovery of My-DC absolute numbers; ii) was associated with lower numbers of both My-Dc and PDC in the later phase; and iii) significantly reduced the proportion of Interleukin-12 (IL-12) secreting cells. In some patients who developed acute GVHD, we found high numbers of circulating DC precursors during the early phase of this complication. However, treatment with steroids invariably induced rapid decrease of PDC. Altogether, these data provide an evaluation of DC release after Allo-HSCT, indicate that post-grafting administration of G-CSF impairs appearance of IL-12-producing DC, and suggest that DC homeostasis may be disrupted at onset of GVHD.
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