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Blood, 1 March 2004, Vol. 103, No. 5, pp. 1937-1940.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 6, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2550.

Submitted August 7, 2003
Accepted October 26, 2003
The worldwide distribution of the VHL 598C>T mutation indicates a single founding event
Enli Liu, Melanie J Percy, Christopher I Amos, Yongli Guan, Sanjay Shete, David W Stockton, Mary F McMullin, Sonny O Ang, Yves D Pastore, Katerina Jedlickova, Terry R Lappin, Victor Gordeuk, and Josef T Prchal*
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Belfast City Hospital, Belfast City Hospital, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom
Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Kleberg Genotyping Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
* Corresponding author; email: jprchal{at}bcm.tmc.edu.
The first congenital defect of hypoxia sensing - homozygosity for VHL 598C>T mutation was recently identified in Chuvash polycythemia. Subsequently we found this mutation in 11 unrelated individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds. To address the question of whether the VHL 598C>T substitution occurred in a single founder or resulted from recurrent mutational events in human evolution, we performed haplotype analysis of eight polymorphic markers covering 340 kb spanning the VHL gene on 101 subjects bearing the VHL 598C>T mutation including 72 homozygotes (61 Chuvash and 11 non-Chuvash) and 29 heterozygotes (11 Chuvash and 18 non-Chuvash), and 447 normal unrelated individuals from Chuvash and other ethnic groups. The differences in allele frequencies for each of the eight markers between 447 normal controls (598C) and 101 subjects bearing the 598T allele (P<10-7) showed strong linkage disequilibrium. Haplotype analysis indicated a founder effect. We conclude that the VHL 598C>T mutation, the most common defect of congenital polycythemia yet found, has spread from a single founder 14,000 to 62,000 years ago.

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