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Blood, 15 May 2004, Vol. 103, No. 10, pp. 3798-3804.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 4, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-08-2952.

Submitted August 29, 2003
Accepted November 30, 2003
V 2-J gene rearrangements are frequent in precursor-B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia but rare in normal lymphoid cells
Tomasz Szczepanski, Vincent H J van der Velden, Patricia G Hoogeveen, Maaike de Bie, Danielle C H Jacobs, Elisabeth R van Wering, and Jacques J M van Dongen*
Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Silesian Medical Academy, Zabrze, Poland
Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, The Hague, The Netherlands
* Corresponding author; email: j.j.m.vandongen{at}erasmusmc.nl.
The frequently occurring T-cell receptor delta (TCRD) deletions in precursor-B-ALL are assumed to be mainly caused by V 2-J gene rearrangements. We designed a multiplex PCR assay with 61 J primers and identified clonal V 2-J gene rearrangements in 141 of 339 (41%) childhood and 8 of 22 (36%) adult precursor-B-ALL. A significant proportion (44%) of V 2-J gene rearrangements in childhood precursor-B-ALL were oligoclonal. Sequence analysis showed preferential usage of the J 29 gene segment in 54% of rearrangements. The remaining V 2-J rearrangements used 26 other J segments, which included two additional clusters, one involving the most upstream J segments, i.e. J 48 to J 61 (23%), and the second cluster located around the J 9 gene segment (7%). Real-time quantitative PCR studies of normal lymphoid cells showed that V 2 rearrangements to upstream J segments occurred at low levels in the thymus (10-2 to 10-3), and were rare (generally below 10-3) in B-cell-precursors and mature T-cells. V 2-J 29 gene rearrangements were virtually absent in normal lymphoid cells. The monoclonal V 2-J rearrangements in precursor-B-ALL may serve as patient-specific targets for detection of minimal residual disease, since they show high sensitivity ( 10-4 in most cases) and good stability (88% of rearrangements preserved at relapse).

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