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Blood, 15 April 2004, Vol. 103, No. 8, pp. 3058-3064. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 30, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-08-2972. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2003-08-2972v1 103/8/3058    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Poeck, H. Articles by Hartmann, G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Poeck, H. Articles by Hartmann, G. Social Bookmarking                   What's this? Submitted August 29, 2003 Accepted October 31, 2003 Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, antigen and CpG-C license human B cells for plasma cell differentiation and immunoglobulin production in the absence of T cell help Hendrik Poeck, Moritz Wagner, Julia Battiany, Simon Rothenfusser, Daniela Wellisch, Veit Hornung, Bernd Jahrsdorfer, Thomas Giese, Stefan Endres, and Gunther Hartmann* Dpt. Internal Medicine, Div. Clinical Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany * Corresponding author; email: ghartmann{at}lrz.uni-muenchen.de. It has been reported that IFN- enhances humoral immunity, and that dendritic cells of the myeloid lineage promote B cell differentiation. Here we sought to study whether the plasmacytoid dendritic cell (PDC), a subset of dendritic cells specialized for the production of IFN-, is involved in regulating B cell differentiation and immunoglobulin production. The recently identified class of CpG oligonucleotides (CpG-C) was used to activate both B cells and PDC via TLR9. The presence of PDC synergistically enhanced CD86 expression, cytokine production (IL-6, TNF- and IL-10) and plasma cell differentiation of isolated human peripheral blood B cells stimulated through CpG-C and BCR ligation. This stimulation protocol was sufficient to drive purfied naive B cells into IgM-producing plasma cells, and to trigger IgG synthesis in memory B cells. PDC contributed to B cell activation via IFN- secretion. Upregulation of TLR9 on B cells was not involved. These results demonstrate that CpG-stimulated PDC induce plasma cell differentiation in naive and memory B cells in the absence of T cell help providing an explanation for the excellent activity of CpG ODN as a humoral vaccine adjuvant. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: C. Ding, Y. Cai, J. Marroquin, S. 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