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Blood, 1 April 2004, Vol. 103, No. 7, pp. 2787-2794.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 4, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-09-3144.
Submitted September 12, 2003
Accepted November 30, 2003
Bcl-XL downregulation suppresses the tumorigenic potential of NPM/ALK in vitro and in vivo
Addolorata Maria Luce Coluccia, Silvia Perego, Loredana Cleris, Rosalind Helen Gunby, Lorena Passoni, Edoardo Marchesi, Franca Formelli, and Carlo B Gambacorti-Passerini*
Department of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: gambacorti{at}istitutotumori.mi.it.
Deregulated apoptosis is a common finding in tumorigenesis. The oncogenic tyrosine kinase NPM/ALK delivers a strong survival signal in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas (ALCLs). Although NPM/ALK activates multiple antiapoptotic pathways, the biological relevance and therapeutic potential of more downstream apoptotic effectors are mostly unknown. In this report, the NPM/ALK-mediated induction of Bcl-XL (but not of Bcl-2) was identified in human ALCL-derived cells. NPM/ALK kinase activity was required to promote Bcl-XL expression and its protective effect on mitochondrial homeostasis. Downregulation of Bcl-XL significantly reduced the antiapoptotic potential of NPM/ALK in both transformed murine Ba/F3 pro-B cells and human ALCL-derived KARPAS-299 cells. To elucidate the role of Bcl-XL in vivo, Ba/F3-NPM/ALK+ cells expressing a doxycycline (Dox)-inducible Bcl-XL antisense transgene (pTet-ON) were injected into nude mice. Doxycycline administration prevented a fatal systemic disease in 15/15 intravenously injected mice and the appearance of subcutaneous tumor xenografts in 9/12 mice: in vivo downregulation of Bcl-XL was also documented. Our results show a pivotal role for Bcl-XL in ALK-mediated oncogenicity: a single protein placed downstream of a known oncogene can be crucial for the survival of neoplastic cells both in vitro and in vivo. Bcl-XL deserves further investigation as a possible therapeutic target in ALK+ ALCLs.
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