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Blood, 15 March 2004, Vol. 103, No. 6, pp. 2401-2403.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 13, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-09-3160.

Submitted September 15, 2003
Accepted October 15, 2003
Hemolytic anemia and severe rhabdomyolysis due to compound heterozygous mutations of the gene for erythrocyte/muscle isozyme of aldolase: ALDOA(Arg303X/Cys338Tyr)
David C Yao, Dean R Tolan, Michael F Murray, David J Harris, Basil T Darras, Alon Geva, and Ellis J Neufeld*
Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Genetics Division, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
* Corresponding author; email: ellis.neufeld{at}childrens.harvard.edu.
Aldolase [E.C. 4.1.2.13], a homotetrameric protein, encoded by the ALDOA gene, converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. Three isozymes are encoded by distinct genes. The sole aldolase present in red cells and skeletal muscle is the A isozyme. We report here the case of a female patient of Sicilian descent with aldolase A deficiency. Clinical manifestations included transfusion-dependent anemia until splenectomy at age three and increasing muscle weakness, with death at age four associated with rhabodomyolysis and hyperkalemia. Sequence analysis of the ALDOA coding regions revealed two novel heterozygous ALDOA mutations in conserved regions of the protein. The paternal allele encoded a nonsense mutation, Arg303X, in the enzyme active site. The maternal allele encoded a missense mutation, Cys338Tyr, predicted to cause enzyme instability. This is the most severely affected patient reported to date, and only the second with both rhabdomyolysis and hemolysis.

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