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Blood, 15 August 2004, Vol. 104, No. 4, pp. 1210-1216.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 22, 2004April 15, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-10-3387.
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Submitted October 3, 2003
Accepted April 2, 2004
Graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation induces a CD8+ T cell-mediated graft-versus-tumor effect that is independent of the recognition of alloantigenic tumor targets
Mattihas Stelljes, Robert Strothotte, Hans-Gerd Pauels, Christopher Poremba, Michaela Milse, Christiane Specht, Jorn Albring, Guido Bisping, Christian Scheffold, Thomas Kammertoens, Elisabeth Oelmann, Gerda Silling, Wolfgang E Berdel, and Joachim Kienast*
Department of Medicine / Hematology and Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
Department of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
Department of Pathology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
* Corresponding author; email: kienast{at}uni-muenster.de.
Cure of hematological malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is partially attributable to immunocellular anti-tumor reactions termed graft-versus-tumor (GvT) effect. GvT effects are heterogeneous with respect to effector cell populations, target antigens and their interrelation with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). In the present study allogeneic parent-into-F1 murine transplant models (BALB/c or C57BL/6 -> F1[BALB/c x C57BL/6]) with different tumors derived from either parental strain were used to evaluate tumor-specific GvT effects. Compared with syngeneic F1-into-F1 controls, significant CD8+ T cell-mediated GvT effects occurred in both allogeneic transplant models, even in the absence of histoincompatibilities between donor cells and host tumor. Identical genetic background of donor and tumor precluded allorecognition of tumor cells indicating that tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) were targeted. Allowing for selective MHC disparities between donor cells and normal host tissue, GvHD was identified as a driving force for TAA-specific GvT effects. Adoptive transfer of the effector cells into secondary tumor-bearing recipients confirmed sustained anti-tumor activity and specificity of the T cell response. The results provide experimental proof of a donor CD8+ T cell-mediated TAA-specific anti-tumor response in vivo that is driven by GvHD. It may represent one of the mechanisms contributing to GvT effects observed in allogeneic transplant recipients.

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