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Blood, 1 June 2004, Vol. 103, No. 11, pp. 4050-4055. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 26, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-11-3850.
Submitted November 13, 2003
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA * Corresponding author; email: aklion{at}niaid.nih.gov.
Familial eosinophilia (FE) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by marked eosinophilia and progression to end organ damage in some, but not all, affected family members. To better define the pathogenesis of FE, 13 affected and 11 unaffected family members (NL) underwent a detailed clinical evaluation at the NIH. No clinical abnormalities were more frequent in the family members with FE. There was, however, a decreased prevalence of asthma in family members with FE as compared to unaffected family members. Eosinophil morphology as assessed by either light or transmission electron microscopy, was normal in family members with and without FE. Although levels of EDN and MBP were elevated in patients with FE as compared to NL, levels of both granule proteins were lower than in non-familial hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Similarly, increased surface expression of the activation markers CD69, CD25 and HLA-DR was detected by flow cytometry on eosinophils from patients with FE as compared to NL, albeit less than that seen in HES. These data suggest that, despite prolonged marked eosinophilia, FE can be distinguished from HES by a more benign clinical course that may be related to a relative lack of eosinophil activation.
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