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Blood, 1 June 2004, Vol. 103, No. 11, pp. 4322-4329.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 5, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-11-4041.
Submitted December 1, 2003
Accepted January 14, 2004
T Lymphocytes of Recipient Origin May Contribute to the Recovery of Specific Immune Response Towards Viruses and Fungi in Children Given Cord Blood Transplantation
Daniela Montagna*, Franco Locatelli, Antonia Moretta, Daniela Lisini, Carlo Previdere, Pierangela Grignani, Piero DeStefano, Giovanna Giorgiani, Enrica Montini, Sara Pagani, Patrizia Comoli, and Rita Maccario
Oncoematologia Pediatrica, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Istituto di Medicina Legale, Universita di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: d.montagna{at}smatteo.pv.it.
Patients given allogeneic cord blood transplantation (CBT) benefit from a low risk of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), but there are still concerns that they be able to recover an effective immune capacity early after transplantation. We investigated the ability to develop in vitro T-lymphocyte mediated immune response towards human Cytomegalovirus and Candida albicans antigens, early and late after transplantation, in children given CBT from either an HLA-identical sibling or an unrelated donor. Proliferative capacity and frequency of antigen-specific T-cells were evaluated; antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell clones were also generated and characterized for T-cell-receptor repertoire diversity, cytokine phenotype and their origin (either from donor or patient). We found that the majority of recipients can develop a specific response to viral or fungal antigens already early after transplantation. Antigen-specific T-cell clones of both donor and recipient origin contributed to the reconstitution of immune response. Antigen-specific T-lymphocytes of recipient origin were detected in patients transplanted from a relative, after a chemotherapy-based conditioning regimen, and who did not have GVHD. Our results document, at a clonal level, that, after CBT, recovery of either polyclonal or pauciclonal T-cell response towards widespread pathogens is prompt, some patients benefiting from a contribution of recipient-derived cells.
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