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Blood, 1 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 12, pp. 3472-3482.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 29, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-12-4423.
Previous Article | Next Article 
Submitted December 30, 2003
Accepted July 23, 2004
SDF-1 involvement in endothelial phenotype and ischemia-induced recruitment of bone marrow progenitor cells
Elena De Falco, Daniele Porcelli, Anna Rita Torella, Stefania Straino, Maria Grazia Iachininoto, Alessia Orlandi, Silvia Truffa, Paolo Biglioli, Monica Napolitano, Maurizio C Capogrossi, and Maurizio Pesce*
Laboratorio di Patologia Vascolare, Istituto Dermopatico dell' Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Laboratorio di Biologia Vasolare e Terapia Genica, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: m.pesce{at}idi.it.
Chemokine SDF-1 is involved in trafficking of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from the bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) and has been found to enhance post-ischemia angiogenesis. This study was aimed at investigating whether SDF-1 plays a role in differentiation of BM-derived c-kit+ stem cells into endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and in ischemia-induced trafficking of stem cells from PB to ischemic tissues. We found that SDF-1 enhanced EPC number by promoting a2, a4 and a5 integrin-mediated adhesion to fibronectin and collagen I. EPC differentiation was reduced in mitogen-stimulated c-kit+ cells, while cytokine withdrawal or the overexpression of the cyclin-CDK inhibitor p16INK4 restored such differentiation suggesting a link between control of cell cycle and EPC differentiation. We also analyzed the time course of SDF-1 expression in a mouse model of hind limb ischemia. Shortly after femoral artery dissection, plasma SDF-1 levels were upregulated, while SDF-1 expression in the bone marrow was downregulated in a timely fashion with the increase in the percentage of PB progenitor cells. An increase in ischemic tissue expression of SDF-1 at RNA and protein level were also observed. Finally, using an in vivo assay such as injection of matrigel plugs, we found that SDF-1 improves formation of tubule-like structures by co-injected c-kit+ cells. Our findings unravel a function for SDF-1 in increase of EPC number and formation of vascular structures by bone marrow progenitor cells.

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