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Blood, 15 September 2004, Vol. 104, No. 6, pp. 1624-1630.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 3, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-12-4428.


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Submitted January 12, 2004
Accepted May 7, 2004

Outcome with the Hyper-CVAD Regimens in Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Deborah A Thomas*, Susan M O'Brien, Jorge Cortes, Francis J Giles, Stefan Faderl, Srdan Verstovsek, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Charles Koller, Miloslav Beran, Sherry Pierce, Chul S Ha, Fernando Cabanillas, Michael J Keating, and Hagop Kantarjian

Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Lymphoma, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

* Corresponding author; email: debthomas{at}mdanderson.org.

Therapy of lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) has evolved with use of chemotherapy regimens modeled after those for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). We treated 33 patients with LL with the intensive chemotherapy regimens hyper-CVAD or modified hyper-CVAD used for ALL at our institution. Induction-consolidation was administered with eight or nine alternating cycles of chemotherapy over 5-6 months with intrathecal chemotherapy prophylaxis, followed by maintenance therapy. Consolidative radiation therapy was given to patients with mediastinal disease at presentation. No consolidation with autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant was performed. At diagnosis, 80% were T-cell immunophenotype, 70% were stage III-IV, 70% had mediastinal involvement, and 9% had CNS disease. Thirty patients (91%) achieved complete remission, and 3 (9%) achieved partial response. Ten patients (30%) relapsed or progressed within a median of 13 months. Estimates for 3-year progression-free and overall survival for the 33 patients were 66% and 70%, respectively. Estimates for the patients with known T-cell immunophenotype were 62% and 67%, respectively. No parameters (e.g., age, stage, serum lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], b2 microglobulin) appeared to influence outcome except for CNS disease at presentation. Modification of the hyper-CVAD regimen with anthracycline intensification did not improve outcome. Other modifications of the program could include incorporation of monoclonal antibodies and/or nucleoside analogs, particularly for slow responders or those with residual mediastinal disease.


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