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Blood, 1 November 2004, Vol. 104, No. 9, pp. 2879-2885.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 24, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0132.


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Submitted January 13, 2004
Accepted June 7, 2004

Subsets with restricted immunoglobulin gene rearrangement features indicate a role for antigen selection in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Gerard Tobin, Ulf Thunberg, Karin Karlsson, Fiona Murray, Anna Laurell, Kerstin Willander, Gunilla Enblad, Mats Merup, Juhani Vilpo, Gunnar Juliusson, Christer Sundstrom, Ola Soderberg, Goran Roos, and Richard Rosenquist*

Dept. of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Dept. of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Dept. of Hematology, Linkoping University Hospital, Linkoping, Sweden
Dept. of Biomedicine and Surgery, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
Dept. of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital and Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUSLAB), Tampere, Finland
Dept. of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden

* Corresponding author; email: richard.rosenquist{at}genpat.uu.se.

We recently identified a chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) subgroup utilizing the immunoglobulin VH3-21 gene with almost identical heavy chain complementarity determining region 3:s (HCDR3s) and preferential light chain VL gene usage, suggesting recognition of a common antigen epitope in this subset. To further explore the B-cell receptors (BCRs) in CLL, we characterized 407 VH rearrangements amplified from 346 CLLs regarding VH/D/JH gene usage and performed multiple alignment of the HCDR3 sequences. These analyses revealed 3 small subsets (2 VH1-69 groups, 7 cases, and 1 VH1-2 group, 5 cases) with highly restricted HCDR3 features including identical VH/D/JH usage, HCDR3 lengths and shared N-sequences, in addition to the VH3-21 group (22 cases). Furthermore, another 3 groups (9 VH1-3+ cases, 3 VH1-18+ cases and 5 VH4-39+ cases) had essentially identical VH/D/JH use and similar HCDR3 lengths but less conserved N-regions. Analysis in all these six subgroups showed restriction in VL gene use, whereas no association between VH and VL usage was found in cases without HCDR3 similarities. Altogether, structurally similar HCDR3s associated with preferential VL gene usage imply selection of BCRs, especially in subsets showing high HCDR3 similarities, thus pointing to restricted antigen recognition sites and possibly involvement of specific antigens in CLL development.


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