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Blood, 1 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 12, pp. 3797-3803.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 27, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0231.
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Submitted January 21, 2004
Accepted July 2, 2004
Myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients who relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma: a report of the international bone marrow transplant registry
Cesar O Freytes*, Fausto R Loberiza, J. D Rizzo, Asad Bashey, Christopher N Bredeson, Mitchell S Cairo, Robert P Gale, Mary M Horowitz, Thomas R Klumpp, Rodrigo Martino, Philip L McCarthy, Arturo Molina, Santiago Pavlovsky, Andrew L Pecora, Derek S Serna, Tsuong Tsai, Mei-Jie Zhang, Julie M Vose, Hillard M Lazarus, and Koen van Besien
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Lymphoma Working Committee of the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR), Health Policy Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Center for Advanced Studies in Leukemia, Los Angeles, California, USA
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Hospital San Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
Fundaleu/ 'Angelica Ocampo', Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hackensack University Medical Plaza, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
Case Western Reserve University Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
* Corresponding author; email: freytes{at}uthscsa.edu.
Myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is increasingly used in patients with lymphoma who relapse after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT), since the allografts are tumor-free and can potentially induce a graft-versus-tumor effect. We analyzed 114 patients treated with this approach from 1990 to 1999, to assess disease progression, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).
Cumulative incidence of disease progression at 3 years was 52% while treatment-related mortality was 22%, lower than previously reported. Three-year probabilities of OS and PFS were 33% and 25%, respectively, but with more prolonged follow-up nearly all patients progressed and five-year probabilities were 24% and 5%, respectively. Complete remission at time of alloHSCT and use of total body irradiation (TBI) in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were associated with lower rates of progression and higher OS.
In summary, alloHSCT is feasible in patients with lymphoma relapsing after autoHSCT and can result in prolonged survival for some but is usually not curative. Most likely to benefit are patients who have an HLA-matched sibling donor, are in remission, and have a good performance status.

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