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Blood, 1 September 2004, Vol. 104, No. 5, pp. 1396-1403.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 6, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0437.
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Submitted February 4, 2004
Accepted April 13, 2004
Lymphocyte microvilli are dynamic, actin-dependent structures that do not require Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) for their morphology
Sonja Majstoravich, Jinyi Zhang, Susan Nicholson-Dykstra, Stefan Linder, Wilhelm Friedrich, Katherine A Siminovitch, and Henry N Higgs*
Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA
Samuel Lunenfield Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Institut fuer Prophylaxe un Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Munchen, Germany
Universitatskinderklinik, Ulm, Germany
* Corresponding author; email: henry.n.higgs{at}dartmouth.edu.
Short microvilli cover the surface of circulating mammalian lymphocytes. The surfaces of monocytes and neutrophils are very different, containing ruffles as their predominant structure. In this study, we present the first quantitative characterization of lymphocyte microvilli. From analysis of scanning electron micrographs, we find that median microvillar length and surface density range from 0.3-0.4 µm and 2-4 microvilli/µm2, respectively on lymphocytes from a variety of sources. As with similar structures from other cells, lymphocyte microvilli contain parallel bundles of actin filaments. Lymphocyte microvilli rapidly disassemble when exposed to the actin-sequestering molecule, Latrunculin A. This disassembly parallels cellular actin filament depolymerization and is complete within 2 min, suggesting that lymphocyte microvilli undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. In contrast to previous reports suggesting lymphocyte microvillar density to be reduced on lymphocytes from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) patient lymphocytes, we find no such deficiency in either mouse or human WASp-deficient lymphocytes. These results suggest that WASp is either not involved in or is redundant in the rapid dynamics of lymphocyte microvilli.
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