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Blood, 1 January 2005, Vol. 105, No. 1, pp. 405-409. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 10, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-03-1103.
Submitted March 26, 2004
Acute Leukemia Working Party and Pediatric Working Party, European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), Paris, France * Corresponding author; email: laurent.garderet{at}sat.ap-hop-paris.fr.
Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (M7 AML) is a highly aggressive disease. We evaluated outcomes in 57 children (11 with Downs syndrome) and 69 adults with M7 AML after post first remission autologous or HLA-identical allogeneic transplantation. The characteristics of the autologous transplant recipients (38 children, 37 adults) were respectively: median age: 1.7, 46 years; non-total body irradiation (TBI) conditioning regimen: 97%, 70%; bone marrow as stem cell source: 74%, 43%. Those of the allogeneic transplant recipients (19 children, 32 adults) were: median age 2.8, 37 years; non-TBI regimen: 63%, 42%; bone marrow as stem cell source: 95%, 69%. Autologous transplants benefited children most; the relapse rate was high in adults. Results for autologous transplants were (children and adults respectively): engraftment (90%, 100%); 3-year treatment-related mortality (TRM) (3%, 8%); relapse rate (45%, 64%); leukemia-free survival (LFS) (52%, 27%); overall survival (OS) (61%, 30%). After allogeneic transplantation, TRM was fairly low in both children and adults and the relapse rates were lower than after autologous transplantation. Results for allogeneic transplants were: engraftment (95%, 90%); TRM (0%, 26%); relapse rate (34%, 28%); LFS (66%, 46%); OS (82%, 43%). We conclude that M7 AML patients in CR1 (except children with Downs syndrome who already have a better outcome) can benefit from transplants.
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