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Blood, 1 November 2004, Vol. 104, No. 9, pp. 2635-2642. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 29, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-03-1110. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2004-03-1110v1 104/9/2635    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Cartron, G. Articles by Solal-Celigny, P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Cartron, G. Articles by Solal-Celigny, P. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Next Article  Submitted March 24, 2004 Accepted June 4, 2004 From the bench to the bedside: ways to improve rituximab efficacy Guillaume Cartron*, Herve Watier, Josee Golay, and Philippe Solal-Celigny Universite Francois Rabelais, UPRES-EA Immuno-Pharmaco-Genetique des Anticorps therapeutiques (IPGA), Tours, France; CHRU Bretonneau, Oncologie Medicale et Maladies du Sang, Tours, France; Canceropole Grand Ouest, France Universite Francois Rabelais, UPRES-EA Immuno-Pharmaco-Genetique des Anticorps therapeutiques (IPGA), Tours, France; CHRU Bretonneau, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Tours, France; Canceropole Grand Ouest, France Ospedali Riuniti, Laboratory of Cellular and Gene Therapy G Lanzani, Bergamo, Italy Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France; Canceropole Grand Ouest, France * Corresponding author; email: guillaume.cartron{at}med.univ-tours.fr. Rituximab is a chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically targets the CD20 surface antigen expressed on normal and neoplastic B lymphoid cells. Rituximab is currently used in the treatment of both follicular and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Despite its demonstrated clinical effectiveness, its in vivo mechanisms of action remain unknown and could differ by subtype of lymphoma. Rituximab has been shown to induce apoptosis, complement-mediated lysis (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro and there is some evidence pointing towards an involvement of these mechanisms in vivo. Rituximab also has a delayed therapeutic effect as well as a potential "vaccinal" effect. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanism of action of rituximab and discuss approaches that could increase its clinical activity. 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