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Blood, 15 April 2005, Vol. 105, No. 8, pp. 3133-3140.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 30, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-05-1695.
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Submitted May 3, 2004
Accepted December 27, 2004
HIF-2 regulates murine hematopoietic development in an erythropoietin-dependent manner
Marzia Scortegagna, Kan Ding, Quiyang Zhang, Yavuz Oktay, Michael J Bennett, Michael Bennett, John M Shelton, James A Richardson, Orson Moe, and Joseph A Garcia*
Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
* Corresponding author; email: joseph.garcia{at}utsouthwestern.edu.
Erythropoiesis in the adult mammal depends critically upon erythropoietin, an inducible cytokine with pluripotent effects. Erythropoietin gene expression increases under conditions associated with lowered oxygen content such as anemia and hypoxia. HIF-1 , the founding member of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha class, was identified by its ability to bind and activate the hypoxia-responsive enhancer in the erythropoietin regulatory region in vitro. The existence of multiple HIF alpha members raises the question of which HIF alpha member(s) regulate erythropoietin expression in vivo. We previously reported that mice lacking HIF-2 , encoded by the EPAS1 gene, exhibit pancytopenia. In this study, we have characterized the etiology of this hematopoietic phenotype. Molecular studies of EPAS1 null kidneys reveal dramatically decreased erythropoietin gene expression. EPAS1 null as well as heterozygous mice have impaired renal erythropoietin induction in response to hypoxia. Treatment of EPAS1 null mice with exogenous erythropoietin reverses the hematopoietic and other defects. We propose that HIF-2 is an essential regulator of murine erythropoietin production. Impairments in HIF signaling, involving either HIF-1 or HIF-2 , may play a prominent role in conditions involving altered hematopoietic or erythropoietin homeostasis.

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