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Blood, 1 January 2005, Vol. 105, No. 1, pp. 74-76.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 7, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-05-1711.
 Previous Article | Next Article 
Submitted May 12, 2004
Accepted August 5, 2004
Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes, associated with type II cryoglobulinemia and HCV infection: a new entity?
David Saadoun, Felipe Suarez, Francois Lefrere, Francoise Valensi, Xavier Mariette, Achille Aouba, Caroline Besson, Bruno Varet, Xavier Troussard, Patrice Cacoub, and Olivier Hermine*
Department of Hematology, Hopital Necker, Paris, France
Department of Rheumatology, Hopital de Kremlin-Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
Department of Hematology, CHU Cote de Nacre, Caen, France
Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
* Corresponding author; email: hermine{at}necker.fr.
HCV has been associated with the development of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We recently reported the regression of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) in HCV patients after antiviral treatment, demonstrating a direct role of HCV in lymphomagenesis. This study expands our previous results in 18 patients with chronic HCV and SLVL. Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) was present in all cases and was symptomatic in 13 (72%). All patients were treated with IFN alone or in association with ribavirin. Hematological and virological response were correlated. Fourteen (78%) patients achieved a sustained complete hematological response after clearance of HCV RNA. Two patients had a virological partial response and achieved a complete hematological response. Two virological non-responders achieved partial hematological response. Regardless of the response, monoclonal Ig-gene rearrangement persisted after treatment.
This study underscores the role of HCV in the lymphomagenesis and the benefit of antiviral treatment for patients presenting with HCV driven lymphoproliferations.
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