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Blood, 15 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 13, pp. 4311-4318. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 24, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-06-2247.
Submitted June 15, 2004
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA * Corresponding author; email: mlittle{at}fhcrc.org.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene on the X-chromosome that result in skeletal and cardiac muscle damage and premature death. Studies in mice, including the mdx mouse model of DMD have demonstrated that circulating bone marrow-derived cells can participate in skeletal muscle regeneration, but the potential clinical utility of treating human DMD by allogeneic marrow transplantation from a normal donor remains unknown. To assess whether allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) provides clinically relevant levels of donor muscle cell contribution in dogs with canine X-linked muscular dystrophy (c-xmd), seven xmd dogs were given HCT from non-affected littermates. Compared to the pre-transplant baseline, the number of dystrophin positive fibers and the amount of wild-type dystrophin RNA did not increase after HCT with observation periods ranging from 28 to 417 days. Similar results were obtained when the recipient dogs were given G-CSF after their initial transplant to mobilize the cells. Despite successful allogeneic HCT and a permissive environment for donor muscle engraftment, there was no detectable contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to either skeletal muscle or muscle precursor cells assayed by clonal analyses at a level of sensitivity that should detect as little as 0.1% donor contribution.
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