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Blood, 1 May 2005, Vol. 105, No. 9, pp. 3535-3537. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 2, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2676.
Submitted July 14, 2004
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA * Corresponding author; email: wesbrown{at}stanford.edu.
Hematopoietic progenitors committed to the myeloid lineage, the common myeloid and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (CMP/GMP) have been shown to protect against opportunistic pathogens following myeloablative radiation; however, the efficacy of this approach has not been studied in the setting of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. In this mouse model, the infusion of CMP/GMP on the day after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration (D+1) resulted in a significant increase in the number of splenic neutrophils by D+8 when compared to 5-FU only controls (P=0.02), the majority of which were CMP/GMP-derived (54%). Moreover, 19% and 28% of neutrophils in the blood and bone marrow, respectively, were CMP/GMP-derived. Survival following intranasal challenge with the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus was significantly higher in CMP/GMP-infused mice than the controls (56% and 33% respectively; P=0.019). Thus, a single infusion of CMP/GMP enhances tissue neutrophil content and increases survival against a lethal challenge with A. fumigatus in the setting of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
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