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Blood, 1 July 2005, Vol. 106, No. 1, pp. 175-183.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 8, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3072.
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Submitted August 9, 2004
Accepted February 27, 2005
The balance between NF- B and JNK/AP-1 activity controls dendritic cell life and death
Ernst Kriehuber, Wolfgang Bauer, Anne-Sophie Charbonnier, Dorian Winter, Stefan Amatschek, Dietmar Tamandl, Norbert Schweifer, Georg Stingl, and Dieter Maurer*
Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center of Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Austria, Vienna, Austria
* Corresponding author; email: Dieter.Maurer{at}meduniwien.ac.at.
The life cycle of dendritic cells (DCs) must be precisely regulated for proper function of adaptive immunity. However, signaling pathways actively mediating DC death remain enigmatic. Here we describe a novel mechanism of hierarchical transcriptional control of DC life and death. Ligation of TNF-R superfamily (TNFR-SF) members on DCs as well as cognate contact with T cells resulted in quantitatively balanced nuclear factor- B (NF- B) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated activator protein (AP)-1 induction and strongly enhanced DC longevity. Specific blockade of NF- B in DCs induced strongly augmented JNK/AP-1 activity due to elevated levels of reactive oxygen species. In this scenario, DC activation by TNFR-SF members or T cells induced DC apoptosis. Specific inhibition of JNK/AP-1 rescued DCs from this activation-induced cell death program and restored TNFR-SF member- and T cell-mediated survival. We conclude that JNK/AP-1 activity is under negative feedback control of NF- B and can execute apoptosis in DCs. Thus, feedback-controlled signaling amplitudes of two transcriptional pathways decide upon the fate of a DC.

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