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Blood, 1 June 2005, Vol. 105, No. 11, pp. 4508-4515. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 10, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3238. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2004-08-3238v1 105/11/4508    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Xu, M. Articles by Hoffman, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Xu, M. Articles by Hoffman, R. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Next Article  Submitted August 23, 2004 Accepted January 29, 2005 The constitutive mobilization of CD34+ cells into the peripheral blood in idiopathic myelofibrosis may be due to the action of a number of proteases Mingjiang Xu, Edward Bruno, Joseph Chao, Stephen Huang, Guido Finazzi, Steven M Fruchtman, Uday Popat, Josef T Prchal, Giovanni Barosi, and Ronald Hoffman* Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Hematology, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, IL, Italy Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA The Instituto di Ricoveroe Cura a Corattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy * Corresponding author; email: ronhoff{at}uic.edu. Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM) is characterized by increased numbers of CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood (PB). We explored the possible mechanisms underlying this abnormal trafficking of CD34+ cells. Plasma levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), total and active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) were dramatically increased in IM. The absolute number of CD34+ cells in the PB was correlated with the levels of sVCAM-1. Marked elevations of the levels of NE but not total and active MMP-9 as well as MMP-2 were detected in media conditioned by IM mononuclear cells (MNC) as compared to that of normal volunteers. IM MNC-conditioned media however, was shown by zymographic analysis to contain increased gelatinolytic activity corresponding to the molecular weight of MMP-9. IM MNC-conditioned media also exhibited a greater ability to cleave VCAM-1 and c-kit in vitro, consistent with the biological actions of NE. In addition, the increased ability of IM PB CD34+ cells to migrate through a reconstituted basement membrane was diminished by several inhibitors of MMP-9 activity, indicating that these cells express increased levels of this MMP. These data indicate that a proteolytic environment exists in IM which might result in the sustained mobilization of CD34+ cells. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: A. Quintas-Cardama, H. M. Kantarjian, T. Manshouri, D. Thomas, J. Cortes, F. Ravandi, G. Garcia-Manero, A. Ferrajoli, C. Bueso-Ramos, and S. Verstovsek Lenalidomide Plus Prednisone Results in Durable Clinical, Histopathologic, and Molecular Responses in Patients With Myelofibrosis J. Clin. Oncol., October 1, 2009; 27(28): 4760 - 4766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] X. Wang, W. Zhang, T. Ishii, S. Sozer, J. Wang, M. Xu, and R. 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Prchal High levels of circulating CD34 cells, dacrocytes, clonal hematopoiesis, and JAK2 mutation differentiate myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia from secondary myelofibrosis associated with pulmonary hypertension Blood, May 1, 2006; 107(9): 3486 - 3488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. L. Levine and G. Wernig Role of JAK-STAT Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Myeloproliferative Disorders Hematology, January 1, 2006; 2006(1): 233 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. Tefferi Pathogenesis of Myelofibrosis With Myeloid Metaplasia J. Clin. Oncol., November 20, 2005; 23(33): 8520 - 8530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. Xu, E. Bruno, H. Ni, V. Rosti, M. Massa, G. Barosi, and R. Hoffman SDF-1/CXCR4 Interactions in Idiopathic Myelofibrosis. Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts), November 16, 2005; 106(11): 3504 - 3504. [Abstract] A. M. Vannucchi, A. Pancrazzi, P. Guglielmelli, S. Di Lollo, C. Bogani, G. Baroni, L. Bianchi, A. R. Migliaccio, A. Bosi, and F. 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