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Blood, 15 February 2005, Vol. 105, No. 4, pp. 1694-1698.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 5, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3335.


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Submitted August 27, 2004
Accepted September 30, 2004

HLA-G expression is associated with an unfavorable outcome and immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Holger Nuckel*, Vera Rebmann, Jan Durig, Ulrich Duhrsen, and Hans Grosse-Wilde

Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: holger.nueckel{at}uni-essen.de.

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G molecule exhibits limited tissue distribution and exerts multiple immunoregulatory functions. Recent studies indicate an ectopic up-regulation in tumor cells which may favor their escape from anti-tumor immune responses. The role of HLA-G in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) has not been defined. HLA-G expression was studied retrospectively in circulating B-CLL cells from 47 patients by flow cytometry using the MEM/G9 monoclonal antibody. The proportion of leukemic cells expressing HLA-G varied from 1% to 54%. Patients with ≤23% HLA-G positive cells (according to ROC-analysis; designated as HLA-G negative group) had a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) time than patients with >23% positive cells (median PFS: 120 versus 23 months, p=0.0001). In multivariate analysis HLA-G expression (hazard ratio 4.8; p=0.002) was an even better independent prognostic factor than the ZAP-70 or CD38 status. Humoral and cellular immunosuppression was significantly more prominent in HLA-G positive as compared to HLA-G negative patients group. In B-CLL the level of HLA-G expression is correlated with the degree of immunosuppression and prognosis. HLA-G may contribute to the impairment of immune responses against tumor cells and infections. Thus, these findings need to be confirmed in a prospective study.


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