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Blood, 15 July 2005, Vol. 106, No. 2, pp. 635-640.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 5, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-10-3919.
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Submitted October 12, 2004
Accepted March 29, 2005
Vav proteins are required for B lymphocyte responses to LPS
Barbara Hebeis, Elena Vigorito, Dorottya Kovesdi, and Martin Turner*
Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
* Corresponding author; email: martin.turner{at}bbsrc.ac.uk.
B Lymphocytes respond to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through TLR-4 and CD180 (previously called RP105). We show here that the responses of B lymphocytes to LPS require the function of the Vav family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Vav1 mutant mice generate defective humoral IgG responses following administration of low doses of LPS but respond normally to higher doses, while mice lacking both Vav1 and Vav2 manifest defective responses even after a high dose LPS. Vav1/2 mutant B cells fail to divide extensively in vitro in response to LPS or CD180, while deficiency of Vav1 alone impairs CD180 but not LPS driven proliferation. Likewise, activation of Akt and phosphorylation of I B in response to CD180 or LPS required Vav1 and Vav2, while Vav1 deficiency led to defective responses to CD180. In addition, activation of ERK required Vav1 and Vav2 in response to CD180 but was Vav1 and vav2 independent in response to LPS. Induction of CD86 and CD25 by anti-CD180 also required Vav function, as did the induction of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL. These data provide evidence for the function for the Vav proteins in regulating the responses of B cells to LPS.

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