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Blood, 15 June 2005, Vol. 105, No. 12, pp. 4807-4812.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 3, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-11-4394.
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Submitted November 17, 2004
Accepted January 19, 2005
Telomere length as a prognostic parameter in chronic lymphocytic leukemia with special reference to VH gene mutation status
Pawel Grabowski, Magnus Hultdin, Karin Karlsson, Gerard Tobin, Anna Aleskog, Ulf Thunberg, Anna Laurell, Christer Sundstrom, Richard Rosenquist, and Goran Roos*
Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
Department of Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
Departments of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Departments of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
* Corresponding author; email: goran.roos{at}medbio.umu.se.
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) consists of two prognostic entities where cases with mutated immunoglobulin VH genes have better outcome than unmutated cases. VH mutated CLLs display longer telomeres compared to unmutated cases and telomere length has been indicated to predict outcome, although the prognostic value of telomere length has not been fully established in CLL. We analyzed telomere length, VH gene mutation status and clinical parameters in a large series of CLL. Telomere length was assessed by quantitative PCR, giving a very good correlation to telomere length estimated by Southern blotting (p< 0.001). The prognostic information given by mutation status (n=282) and telomere length (n=246) was significant (p< 0.001 respectively). Telomere length was a prognostic factor for stage A (p=0.021) and stage B/C (p=0.018) patients, whereas mutation status predicted outcome only in stage A patients (p< 0.001). Furthermore, mutated CLLs were subdivided by telomere length into two groups with different prognosis (p=0.003), a feature not seen for unmutated cases (p=0.232). Interestingly, the VH mutated group with short telomeres had an overall survival close to unmutated cases. Thus, by combining VH mutation status and telomere length an improved subclassification of CLL was achieved identifying previously unrecognized patient groups with different outcome.

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