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Blood, 15 August 2005, Vol. 106, No. 4, pp. 1441-1446.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 3, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4782.
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Submitted December 17, 2004
Accepted February 21, 2005
The influence of high altitude living on body iron
James D Cook*, Erick Boy, Carol Flowers, and Maria del Carmen Daroca
Department of Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
The Micronutrient Initiative, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Pan American Health Organization, La Paz, Bolivia
* Corresponding author; email: jcook1{at}kumc.edu.
The quantitative assessment of body iron based on measurements of the serum ferritin and transferrin receptor was used to examine iron status in 800 Bolivian mothers and one of their children below 5 years of age. The survey included populations living at altitudes between 156 to 3750 meters. Body iron stores in the mothers averaged 3.88±4.31 mg/kg (mean± 1 SD) and 1.72±4.53 mg/kg in children. No consistent effect of altitude on body iron was detected in children but body iron stores of 2.77±0.70 mg/kg (mean±2 SE) in women living above 3000 m was reduced by one-third as compared to women living at lower altitudes (P < .001). One-half of the children below 2 years of age were iron deficient but iron stores then increased linearly to approach values in their mothers by 4 years of age. When body iron in mothers was compared with that of their child, a striking correlation was observed over the entire spectrum of maternal iron status (r=0.61, P< 0.0001). This finding could provide the strongest evidence to date of the importance of dietary iron as a determinant of iron status in vulnerable segments of a population.
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