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Blood, 1 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1786-1793.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 10, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0049.
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Submitted January 6, 2005
Accepted April 25, 2005
Wnts induce migration/invasion of myeloma plasma cells
Ya-Wei Qiang, Katie Walsh, Lei Yao, Noemi Kedei, Peter M Blumberg, Jeffrey S Rubin, John Shaughnessy Jr., and Stuart Rudikoff*
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
* Corresponding author; email: rudikoff{at}helix.nih.gov.
Multiple myeloma is an incurable form of lymphoid cancer characterized by accumulation of neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow cavity. Little is known about the mechanisms regulating myeloma cell movement within the bone marrow and metastasis to secondary sites. Herein, we identify multiple members of the Wnt family as promoters of myeloma cell migration/invasion. Wnt mediated migration was associated with the Wnt/RhoA pathway and did not necessitate signaling through  -catenin. Activation of both RhoA and members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family including PKCs  , andµ were required for induction of migration. Activated RhoA and PKCs , and µ appear to assemble in macromolecular signaling complexes which are associated with the cell membrane. These results suggest that Wnt responsiveness of myeloma plasma cells may be a significant factor in disease progression.
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