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Blood, 1 November 2005, Vol. 106, No. 9, pp. 3004-3011. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 14, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0461. This Article Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Figure All Versions of this Article: 2005-02-0461v1 106/9/3004    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bertrand, J. Y Articles by Godin, I. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bertrand, J. Y Articles by Godin, I. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Next Article  Submitted February 7, 2005 Accepted June 17, 2005 Three pathways to mature macrophages in the early mouse yolk sac Julien Y Bertrand, Abdelali Jalil, Michele Klaine, Steffen Jung, Ana Cumano, and Isabelle Godin* INSERM U668, Unité de Développement des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Service Commun de Microscopie Confocale, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute for Science, Rehovot, Israel * Corresponding author; email: igodin{at}igr.fr. The existence of macrophages M of yolk sac (YS) origin has been reported in all vertebrate models. However, the nature of their precursors and pathways of differentiation have not been elucidated. Phenotypic and differentiation potential analyses of 7.5 to 10 days post coitum (dpc) YS, performed in CX3CR1GFP embryos, allowed us to discriminate three independent M populations. A first transient wave consists of mature, maternal-derived M present as early as 7.5-8dpc. A second wave of committed M precursors arises at 8dpc (2-4 somite stage), followed by a third wave of erythromyeloid precursors (at 4-6 somites). Both types of precursors display similar phenotypes and give rise to CX3CR1/GFP-positive M, but differ by their differentiation potential, at the clonal level. The combined data of phenotypic, gene expression and in situ analysis allows us to conclude that the previously called primitive M correspond to a mixture of the first transient wave and committed M precursors. Both YS-derived precursors follow a developmental pathway common to adult M and can be qualified as definitive. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? 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