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Blood, 1 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1565-1573.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 26, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0516.
Previous Article | Next Article 
Submitted February 9, 2005
Accepted April 7, 2005
Development of functional human blood and immune systems in NOD/SCID/IL2 receptor chainnull mice
Fumihiko Ishikawa, Masaki Yasukawa, Bonnie Lyons, Shuro Yoshida, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Goichi Yoshimoto, Takeshi Watanabe, Koichi Akashi*, Leonard D Shultz, and Mine Harada
Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
First Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu, Japan
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
RIKEN for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Japan
Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
* Corresponding author; email: koichi_akashi{at}dfci.harvard.edu.
Here we report that a new NOD/SCID mouse line harboring a complete null mutation of the common cytokine receptor chain (NOD/SCID/IL2r null) efficiently supports development of functional human hemato-lymphopoiesis. Purified human hCD34+ or hCD34+hCD38- cord blood (CB) cells were transplanted into NOD/SCID/IL2r null newborns via a facial vein. In all recipients injected with 105 hCD34+ or 2x104 hCD34+hCD38- CB cells, human hematopoietic cells were reconstituted at ~70% of chimerisms. A high percentage of the human hematopoietic cell chimerism persisted for > 24 weeks after transplantation, and hCD34+ bone marrow grafts of primary recipients could reconstitute hematopoiesis in secondary NOD/SCID/IL2r null recipients, suggesting that this system can support self-renewal of human hematopoietic stem cells. hCD34+hCD38- CB cells differentiated into mature blood cells, including myelomonocytes, dendritic cells, erythrocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes. Differentiation into each lineage occurred via developmental intermediates such as common lymphoid progenitors and common myeloid progenitors, recapitulating the steady-state human hematopoiesis. B cells underwent normal class switching, and produced antigen-specific immunoglobulins. T cells displayed the HLA-dependent cytotoxic function. Furthermore, human IgA-secreting B cells were found in the intestinal mucosa, suggesting reconstitution of human mucosal immunity. Thus, the NOD/SCID/IL2r null newborn system might be an important experimental model to study human hemato-lymphoid system.

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