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Blood, 15 November 2005, Vol. 106, No. 10, pp. 3353-3357.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 21, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1206.
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Submitted March 24, 2005
Accepted July 15, 2005
Excessive fluid accumulation during stem cell mobilization: a novel prognostic factor of first year survival after stem cell transplantation in AL amyloidosis patients
Nelson Leung*, Tessa R Leung, Stephen S Cha, Angela Dispenzieri, Martha Q Lacy, and Morie A Gertz
Nephrology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Department of Nursing, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MInnesota, USA
* Corresponding author; email: leung.nelson{at}mayo.edu.
High dose melphalan followed by stem cell transplantation (HDM-SCT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis. Unfortunately, treatment mortality can be excessive in certain subpopulations. We have noted that patients who gained > 2% body weight during mobilization had a poorer outcome following HDM-SCT. Excluding 2 patients for lack of weight record and denial of consent, 126 patients between 7/97 and 6/03 were retrospectively studied. Weight increased > 2.0% during mobilization in 51.6% of the patients. Patients who accumulated > 2.0% tended to have more proteinuria, a higher number of organ involvement, lower serum albumin, more diuretic usage and dosage adjustment during mobilization. First year mortality was significantly higher in those with >2% weight gain (33.9% versus 9.8%, p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed weight gain, glomerular filtration rate and septal thickness to be independent predictors of first year mortality. The increase in mortality was noted even after the excess weight was diuresed prior to conditioning. The impact on mortality dissipated after the first year. Weight gain during mobilization appears to be a new marker of adverse outcome following HDM-SCT. Better prognostication may improve the treatment mortality rate of these patients.

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