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Blood, 1 January 2006, Vol. 107, No. 1, pp. 143-150.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 15, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2218.
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Submitted June 2, 2005
Accepted August 22, 2005
A novel collectin/C1q receptor mediates mast cell activation and innate immunity
Brian T Edelson, Thomas P Stricker, Zhengzhi Li, S K Dickeson, Virginia L Shepherd, Samuel A Santoro, and Mary M Zutter*
Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
* Corresponding author; email: mary.zutter{at}vanderbilt.edu.
Mast cells play a critical role in innate immunity, allergy, and autoimmune diseases. The receptor/ligand interactions that mediate mast cell activation are poorly defined. The 2 1 integrin, a receptor for collagens, laminins, decorin, E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), endorepellin, and several viruses, has been implicated in normal developmental, inflammatory, and oncogenic processes. We recently reported that 2 integrin subunit-deficient mice exhibit markedly diminished neutrophil and IL-6 responses during Listeria monocytogenes-and zymosan-induced peritonitis. Peritoneal mast cells require 2 1 integrin expression for activation in response to pathogens, yet the ligand and molecular mechanisms by which the 2 1 integrin induces activation and cytokine secretion remain unknown. We now report that the 2 1 integrin is a novel receptor for multiple collectins and the C1q complement protein. We demonstrate that the 2 1 integrin provides a co-stimulatory function required for mast cell activation and cytokine secretion. This finding suggests that the 2 1 integrin is not only important for innate immunity but may serve as a critical target for the regulation of autoimmune/allergic disorders.

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